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  • ANDROID VERSIONS

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: Android, Development, IT, Mobile

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    The development of the Android operating system was started in 2003 by Android, Inc. Later on, it was purchased by Google in 2005. The beta version of Android OS was released on November 5, 2007, while the software development kit (SDK) was released on November 12, 2007.

    The first Android mobile was publicly released with Android 1.0 of the T-Mobile G1 (aka HTC Dream) in October 2008.

    Google announced in August 2019 that they were ending the confectionery scheme, and they use numerical ordering for future Android versions.

    The first Android version which was released under the numerical order format was Android 10.

    Android versions, name, and API level

    Code nameVersion numbersAPI levelRelease date
    No codename1.01September 23, 2008
    No codename1.12February 9, 2009
    Cupcake1.53April 27, 2009
    Donut1.64September 15, 2009
    Eclair2.0 – 2.15 – 7October 26, 2009
    Froyo2.2 – 2.2.38May 20, 2010
    Gingerbread2.3 – 2.3.79 – 10December 6, 2010
    Honeycomb3.0 – 3.2.611 – 13February 22, 2011
    Ice Cream Sandwich4.0 – 4.0.414 – 15October 18, 2011
    Jelly Bean4.1 – 4.3.116 – 18July 9, 2012
    KitKat4.4 – 4.4.419 – 20October 31, 2013
    Lollipop5.0 – 5.1.121- 22November 12, 2014
    Marshmallow6.0 – 6.0.123October 5, 2015
    Nougat7.024August 22, 2016
    Nougat7.1.0 – 7.1.225October 4, 2016
    Oreo8.026August 21, 2017
    Oreo8.127December 5, 2017
    Pie9.028August 6, 2018
    Android 1010.029September 3, 2019

    Android Version 1.0 to 1.1: No codename

    Android officially publish its Android version 1.0 in September 2008. It is the initial version of Android operating system. It supports Web browser to show HTML and XHTML web pages, camera, access web email server (POP3, IMAP4, and SMTP). This version contains Google Calendar, Google Maps, Google Sync, Google Search, Google Talk, Instant messaging, Media player, Notifications appear in the status bar, wallpaper, YouTube video player, Alarm Clock, Calculator, Dialer, Pictures (Gallery), Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support.

    Android version 1.5: Cupcake

    On April 27, 2009, the Android updated to 1.5 with the codename of the dessert item (Cupcake). It has Linux kernel 2.6.27. It supports third-party virtual keyboard, Video recording and playback in MPEG-4, Copy and paste feature, Animated screen translations, auto-rotation option, ability to upload a video to YouTube, upload photos to Picasa, check phone usage history.

    Android version 1.6: Donut

    On September 15, 2009, Android 1.6 was released with the name Donut. It contains numerous new features such as voice and text entry search, bookmark history, contacts, web, “speak” a string of text, faster camera access, user can select multiple photos for deletion, support text-to-speech engine, WVGA screen resolutions.

    Android version 2.0 to 2.1: Eclair

    On October 26, 2009, Android 2.0 was released, whose codename was Eclair. It was based on Linux kernel 2.6.29. It contains the several new features as expanded account sync, Microsoft Exchange email support, Bluetooth 2.1, ability to tap a Contact photo and select to call, SMS, ability to search all saved SMS, MMS messages, delete the oldest message automatically when the defined limit is reached, Minor API, bug fixes.

    Android version 2.2 to 2.2.3: Froyo

    On May 20, 2010, Android 2.2 (Froyo) was released based on Linux kernel 2.6.32. It contains several features as speed, memory, performance optimization. JIT compilation, Integration of Chrome’s V8, JavaScript engine into the Browser application, support Android Cloud to Device Messaging service, Adobe Flash support, security updates, and performance improvement.

    Android version 2.3 to 2.3.7: Gingerbread

    On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) was released based on Linux kernel 2.6.35. It includes the following changes: support for extra-large screen size and resolutions, updated user interface design with increased simplicity and speed, enhanced copy/paste functionality, select a word by press-holding, support Near Field Communication (NFC), headphone virtualization, new Download Manager.

    It has improved bug fixes for Nexus S, voice or video chat using Google Talk, network performance for Nexus S 4G, Gmail application, battery efficiency, fixed a voice search bug, Google Wallet support for Nexus S 4G.

    Android version 3.0 to 3.2.6: Honeycomb

    On February 22, 2011, Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) was launched for the first tablet for Android-based on Linux kernel 2.6.36. It contains the features like “holographic” user interface for tablet, added system Bar, simplified multitasking tapping Recent Application in system Bar, redesign the keyboard making fast typing, quick access to camera exposure, hardware acceleration, support for multi-core processor, UI refinements, connectivity for USB accessories, support for joysticks and gamepads, high-performance Wi-Fi lock, improved hardware support, Google Books, fixed data connectivity issues when coming out of Airplane mode.

    Android version 4.0 to 4.0.4: Ice Cream Sandwich

    On October 19, 2011, Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich) was launched, which was based on Linux kernel 3.0.1. It was the last version of officially support Adobe System Flash player. It introduces the numerous new features: refinements to “Holo” interface with new Roboto font family, separation of widgets in a new tab, integrated screenshot capture, improved error correction on the keyboard, improved copy and paste functionality, build-in photo editor, fixed minor bugs, improvement to graphics, spell-checking, better camera performance.

    Android version 4.1 to 4.3.1: Jelly Bean

    On June 27, 2012, Google announced Android 4.1(Jelly Bean) in the Google I/O conference. It is based on Linux kernel 3.0.31. It updates to following features: smoother user interface, enhance accessibility, expandable notification, fixed bug on Nexus 7, one-finger gestures to expand/collapse notifications, lock screen improvement, multiple user accounts (tablets only), new clock application, Bluetooth low energy support, volume for incoming call, 4K resolution support, native emoji support, bug fixes for the Nexus 7 LTE.

    Android version 4.4 to 4.4.4: KitKat

    On September 3, 2013, Google announced Android 4.4 (KitKat). Initially, its code name was “Key Lime Pie”. Google started on Google’s Nexus 5 on October 31, 2013. The minimum required amount of RAM should available to Android is 340 MB. The other devices with less than 512 MB of RAM must report themselves as “low RAM” devices. It includes several new features as clock no longer display bold hours, wireless printing capability, WebViews are based on Chromium engine, sensor batching, built-in screen recording feature, better application compatibility, camera application loads Google+ Photo instead of Gallery.

    Android version 5.0 to 5.1.1: Lollipop

    Android 5.0 “Lollipop” was initially named “Android L” on June 25, 2014. It was officially introduced on November 12, 2014. Lollipop provides several features like redesigned user interface, support for 64-bit CPUs, support for print previews, material design, Project Volta for battery life improvement, multiple user accounts, audio input, and output through USB devices, join Wi-Fi networks, support for multiple SIM cards, device protection, high-definition voice calls, native Wi-Fi calling support.

    Android version 6.0 – 6.0.1: Marshmallow

    Android 6.0 “Marshmallow” was disclosed under the codename “Android M” on May 28, 2015, for Nexus 5 and Nexus 6 phones, Nexus 9 tablet.

    On October 5, 2015, Android lunches “Marshmallow” for all android devices. It contains the various new features as App Standby feature, introduce the Doze mode to save battery life, native fingerprint reader support, run-time permission requests, USB-C support, Unicode 7.0 & 8.0 emoji support.

    Android version 7.0 to 7.1.2: Nougat

    Android 7.0 “Nougat” was the major release for the Android operating system. Its initial codename was “Android N”. It was first released as a developer preview on March 9, 2016, with factory images for the Nexus device.

    On August 22, 2016, the final preview built was released with following features: file-based encryption, zoom in the screen, multi-window support, new Data Saver mode, JIT compiler makes 75 percent faster app installation, picture-in-picture support, support manager APIs, circular app icons support, send GIFs directly from the default keyboard, battery usage alerts.

    Android version 8.0 to 8.1: Oreo

    Android 8.0 “Oreo” was the 8th major release of the Android operating system. It was first released for developer preview on March 21, 2017. The final developer preview was released on July 24, 2017.

    On August 21, 2017, its stable version was released with several features: picture-in-picture support, support for Unicode 10.0 emoji (5.0), restructured settings, adoptive icons, notification channels, notification dots, 2 times faster boot time, Google Play Protect, Integrated printing support, Neural network API, shared memory API, Android Oreo Go Edition, autofill framework, automatic light, and dark themes.

    Android version 9.0: Pie

    Android 9.0 “Pie” was the ninth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced and preview launched by Google on March 7, 2018. It was officially released on August 6, 2018. It has the following features: the clock has moved to the left of the notification bar, the “screenshot” button has been added, battery percentage always shown on display.

    Android version 10:

    Android 10 is the tenth extensive version of the Android operating system. Android 10 has developed under the codename “Android Q”. It was initially announced by Google on March 13, 2019 and its first beta version was released on same day and its second beta was released on April 3, 2019.

    The stable version of Android 10 was released on September 3, 2019. It contains features like new permissions to access location in the background, floating setting panel, support for an AV1 video codec, support for biometric authentication, support the WPA3 Wi-Fi security.

    Reference: https://www.javatpoint.com/android-versions

  • EXCEL: EXPORT .CSV FILE WITH JAPANESE CHARACTER

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: Development, IT, PC, Windows

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    To fully retain the characters while saving it on a CSV format and to somehow be able to import/re-use the data in the future.

    You can follow these steps.

    1. In Microsoft Excel, open the *.xlsx file.
    2. Select Menu | Save As.
    3. Enter any name for your file.
    4. Under “Save as type,” select Unicode Text.
    5. Click Save.
    6. Open your saved file in Microsoft Notepad.
    7. Replace all tab characters with commas (“,”).
    • Select a tab character (select and copy the space between two column headers)
    • Open the “Find and Replace” window (Press Ctrl+H) and replace all tab characters with comma .

    Replace Tabs with commas in Notepad

    1. Click Save As.
    2. Name the file, and change the Encoding: to UTF-8.
    3. Change the file extension from .txt to .csv.
    4. Click Save.
    5. Open the .csv file in Excel to view your data.

    Credit:

    https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24087432  /excel-xlsx-file-saving-as-csv-file-korean-and-japanese-cracking-badly

  • HOW TO FIND A COMPUTER’S MAC ADDRESS

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: IT, Windows

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    How to Find a Computer’s MAC Address (Windows 7 and Vista) Print E-mail
    How to find a computer’s MAC address in Windows 7 and Vista.Option 1:

    1) Click the Start Orb at the bottom left of your screen.

    2) Type ncpa.cpl into the search box and press ENTER.

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    3) Right-click your Local Area Connection and select Status.

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    4) Click Details and the Physical Address is your MAC Address.

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    Option 2:

    1. Click on the Windows Logo in the bottom left corner.

    2. In the search box, type in cmd and press enter.

    mac7

    3. In the command prompt, type in getmac (with no spaces) and push enter.

    mac7

    4. The MAC address is labeled Physical Address (denoted by a yellow box below).
    mac

  • EXPORT BOOKMARKS FROM CHROME

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: IT, Mac OS X, Windows

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    Step 1: In the top-right corner of the browser window, click the Chrome menu

    Step 2: Select Bookmarks > Bookmark Manager.

    Step 3: Click the “Organize” menu in the manager

    Step 4: Select Export bookmarks.

    Chrome will export your bookmarks as an HTML file, which you can then import into another browser.

    Credits: https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/96816?hl=en 

  • ADOBE PHOTOSHOP AND LIGHTROOM SHORTCUTS

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: Graphic Design, IT, Mac OS X, PC

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    We all know how we love shortcuts … check out the below shortcuts and cheat sheets to make designing quicker.

    Photoshop CC

    setupablogtoday-photoshop-cheat-sheet-fin

    Lightroom CC

    lightroom-keyboard-shortcuts-cheat-sheet

    Happy tapping

  • GO TO > PAGE – WORD 2013

    AUTHOR: // CATEGORY: IT, PC

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    So you got a huge document and want to move quickly between pages. Use the Go To navigator in Word 2013. Hit CTRL + G for the below and enter the page number.

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    Happy Scrolling …

    Credits: http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/office/forum/office_2013_release-word/how-to-jump-to-a-specific-page-number-in-office/ac7b9bf5-47b0-43b6-9fb4-1787cbff20d7